Subskills (Reading)

Reading Sub-skills

·         Recognising words and phrase in English script.

·         Using one’s own knowledge of the outside world to make predictions about and interpret a text.

·         Retrieving information stated in the passage.

·         Distinguishing the main ideas from subsidiary information.

·         Deducing the meaning and use of unknown words; ignoring unknown words/phrases that are redundant, i.e.; that contribute nothing to interpretation

·         Understanding the meaning and implications of grammatical structures, e.g. cause, result, purpose, reference in time (e.g. verb tenses; compare: “He could swim well” past, “He could come at 10 a.m.” future).

·         Recognising discourse markers: e.g. therefore + conclusions, however + contrast, that is + paraphrase, e.g. + example.

·         Recognising the function of sentences even when not introduced by discourse markers: e.g. example, definition, paraphrase, conclusion, warning.

·         Understanding relations within the sentences and the text (words that refer back to a thing or a person mentioned earlier in the sentence or the text, e.g. which, who, it).

·         Extracting specific information for summary or note taking.

·         Skimming to obtain the gist, and recognise the organisation of ideas within the text.

·         Understanding implied information and attitudes.

·         Knowing how to use an index, a table of contents, etc.

·         Understanding layout, use of heading, etc.

Ø  Jane Willis

Skills and sub-skills (Reading)

·         Reading for gist

·         Reading to extract specific information

·         Reading for detailed understanding

·         Reading for information transfer, etc.

Ø  Jeremy Harmer